Early New England Colonial	1640-1780
Georgian	1720-1780
Federal	1790-1825
Greek Revival	1825-1860
Gothic Revival	1840-1865
Italianate	1840-1885
French Second Empire	1855-1885
Stick Style	1860-1890
Shingle Style	1880-1900
Queen Anne	1880-1910
Colonial Revival	1880-1955
Tudor	1890-1940

Shingle Style 1880-1900

Shingle Style houses are massive and roomy, relatively plain on the exterior without roof overhangs or applied decoration, and, of course, covered in natural wood shingles which darken with age. Some have a first floor of rough stone or brick with a variety of shingle patterns used on the wood-frame upper floors. Porches are often set into the facade rather than attached externally. The plan and elevations are asymmetrical and the roof is prominent, seeming to arch over the whole.

The Whipple House, Whitinsville MA, circa 1898, shows the prominent roof with sweeping overhanging rafter tail details and paired windows. (Photo by John Petraglia)

Chimneys are large and visible. Doors and windows are large, plain and finished naturally. The texture of the shingle surface serves in lieu of applied ornamentation to give visual interest. Shingles are also used to cover sweeping curves of bay windows and porches, surfaces which are unsuitable for conventional clapboarding. Decoration drawn from historical sources is limited to an occasional element taken from colonial sources such as a Palladian window.

In the best examples of the Shingle Style, the roof is a prominent, overarching element, as here on a house in Ashburnham, MA. The clustered windows and inset porch are typical.

The Shingle Style was first used by Henry Hobson Richardson in 1880 to express the spirit of his unique Romanesque stone architecture in wood frame dwellings. It was adapted by his former students, Charles McKim and Stanford White, for large resort homes; the natural colors and informal compositions evoked the rambling and decaying appearance of early colonial houses of the Northeastern seacoast which McKim and White had seen on a tour of old New England villages in 1877.

Broad, flat surfaces covered with natural shingles make this a Shingle Style design, as does the masonry first story. No historical details are applied here. Windows are large and few, which also characterizes the rooms inside.		This Shingle Style house on Worcester, MA's West Side shows a sweeping roof line with a shallow overhang and a first story in brick. The bulky massing, borrowed from the work of H. H. Richardson, contrasts with the slender porch columns and bands of light scrollwork over the windows of the main room. Notice how surface texture substitutes for applied decoration.